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Free Will - A Thought Experiment
a challenge to those who believe in free will

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Free Will - A Thought Experiment
psychotick
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quote post #161
Posted Nov 21, 2009 - 10:02 AM:

Hi Reincarnated,

Doing the same thing over and over again - Is it compatibalist? Yes. Is it determinist? Yes. Is it Libertarian Free Willian? Yes. In reality its just learning.

Consider someone learning to drive. He starts off on the track dodging paper cut outs of people, and braking and not braking, because sometimes at the start its fun to just run over a paper cut out or two. But over time he gets rewarded for braking early, told off for breaking late. The rewards and punishments become greater over time as he's threatened with not getting his provisional licence or offered the chance. So as the time goes on he learns to brake early. Then he goes on the road and the rewards and punishments become even greater, jail versus remaining a free driver.

Come the day of the choice, he's spent twenty years learning to make that one decision, brake early. A woman and child walk out on to the road in front of him and he has to choose, brake early or risk it all and hope that woman and child get out of the way fast enough. If he's been a good student, he brakes early. Every time the choice is put before him, he brakes early - unless he's drinking which is a-whole-nother issue.

So his behaviour looks determinist, he always does the same thing. It looks compatibilist, he always wants to brake early and so does. But its also libertarian free willian. If we assume that many or most of his choices as to whether to brake early or late up until then were free, then the fact that when the choice becomes serious in terms of consequences, a memorable decision in terms of the OP, his choice is more or less fixed, does not mean he oes not have libertarian free will. It means he has learned when to make a completely free choice and when not to. Chances are you put that same driver back on the track with paper cut outs and no consequences, he may well have a blast simply sprinting round it not braking and hitting every cut out he can find.

Cheers.
reincarnated
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quote post #162
Posted Nov 21, 2009 - 8:22 PM:

psychotick wrote:
Doing the same thing over and over again - Is it compatibalist? Yes. Is it determinist? Yes. Is it Libertarian Free Willian? Yes.

If one would always do the same thing in a given situation, then one is behaving deterministically. This is what determinism means. You may claim "until the cows come home" that you have free will, but if you never exercise that free will (if you never choose a different course of action) then its a completely ineffective kind of free will.

psychotick wrote:
Consider someone learning to drive. He starts off on the track dodging paper cut outs of people, and braking and not braking, because sometimes at the start its fun to just run over a paper cut out or two. But over time he gets rewarded for braking early, told off for breaking late. The rewards and punishments become greater over time as he's threatened with not getting his provisional licence or offered the chance. So as the time goes on he learns to brake early. Then he goes on the road and the rewards and punishments become even greater, jail versus remaining a free driver.

Come the day of the choice, he's spent twenty years learning to make that one decision, brake early. A woman and child walk out on to the road in front of him and he has to choose, brake early or risk it all and hope that woman and child get out of the way fast enough. If he's been a good student, he brakes early. Every time the choice is put before him, he brakes early - unless he's drinking which is a-whole-nother issue.

So his behaviour looks determinist, he always does the same thing. It looks compatibilist, he always wants to brake early and so does. But its also libertarian free willian. If we assume that many or most of his choices as to whether to brake early or late up until then were free, then the fact that when the choice becomes serious in terms of consequences, a memorable decision in terms of the OP, his choice is more or less fixed, does not mean he oes not have libertarian free will. It means he has learned when to make a completely free choice and when not to.

If by "completely free choice" you mean a capricious choice then I agree with you. You seem to be arguing that he will act deterministically when important decisions are concerned, but may act capriciously whenever unimportant decisions are concerned. I have no problem with that.

psychotick wrote:
Chances are you put that same driver back on the track with paper cut outs and no consequences, he may well have a blast simply sprinting round it not braking and hitting every cut out he can find.

Sure - but that's not "rewinding the clock" is it? Change the conditions, and the choice can change - that's compatibilist.

Wise men don't need to prove their point;
men who need to prove their point aren't wise.(Lao Tsu)
psychotick
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quote post #163
Posted Nov 22, 2009 - 2:52 AM:

Hi Reincarnated,

Yes he's behaving in a determinist fashion, but that does not mean he does not have free will. Libertarian free will allows a person the choice of behaving in a determinist fashion. Determinism on the other hand does not allow for capricious - by which I assume you mean with free will rather then whimsical, behaviour.

Is this an ineffective kind of free will as you argue? Maybe. But I would actually say its a learned type of free will. We learn as we grow and experience life and make choices, when we can make completely capricious decisions and when we shouldn't. If we didn't learn these sorts of life choice lessons we'd probably not survive. Having said that some people do fail to learn these lessons, and we often see them on the news, drunk in charge for the fifth time and dead or in jail for years, speeding as always and finally getting either jailed or killed in a car crash, failing to look before crossing the road and getting hit by a bus. Our survival as individuals and a race depends on us being able to learn these lessons.

Free will early on when consequences were minor, allowed us to make mistakes and learn from them which is why I say that this is where you will find free will shining. Major life decisions taken as adults, will generally be determined by what we learned from making a lifetimes worth of those free will mistakes.

Here's an example you can try at home (carefully!). Put a blindfold on, spin around a few times on the spot so that you've lost your sense of direction, then try to walk around the house - with your hands always by your side. Hard isn't it? Your instincts cry out for you to raise your hands to act as feelers, instincts born of a lifetime's worth of bumping into things in the dark and getting hurt. But you still can do it, if you force yourself. Heaven alone knows why you would, but you can. Libertarian free will says that you can do this, but it also says instead that you can listen to your instincts and fears and nine times out of ten at least you're going to do the latter when there are consequences on the line that you can understand and respect.

Determinism on the other hand says that you will given exactly the same circumstances, the clock wound back etc, always do exactly the same thing over and over again, and that includes the silly little whimsical choices, like putting on ABBA versus the Eagles, or tossing a dice in exactly the same way so that the same result always comes up as the dice always lands in eactly the same place at the same time.

Cheers.
reincarnated
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quote post #164
Posted Nov 22, 2009 - 5:45 AM:

psychotick wrote:
Yes he's behaving in a determinist fashion, but that does not mean he does not have free will. Libertarian free will allows a person the choice of behaving in a determinist fashion. Determinism on the other hand does not allow for capricious - by which I assume you mean with free will rather then whimsical, behaviour.

Caprice, or acting capriciously, simply means acting whimsically, acting unpredictably, acting impulsively, or acting without having good reasons or motivation for one’s actions – there is nothing incompatible with determinism here. A deterministic machine can act capriciously – caprice is not synonymous with ontic randomness, only with epistemic randomness.
psychotick wrote:
We learn as we grow and experience life and make choices, when we can make completely capricious decisions and when we shouldn't. If we didn't learn these sorts of life choice lessons we'd probably not survive. Having said that some people do fail to learn these lessons, and we often see them on the news, drunk in charge for the fifth time and dead or in jail for years, speeding as always and finally getting either jailed or killed in a car crash, failing to look before crossing the road and getting hit by a bus. Our survival as individuals and a race depends on us being able to learn these lessons.

Agreed – but all of the above is compatible with determinism.
psychotick wrote:
Here's an example you can try at home (carefully!). Put a blindfold on, spin around a few times on the spot so that you've lost your sense of direction, then try to walk around the house - with your hands always by your side. Hard isn't it? Your instincts cry out for you to raise your hands to act as feelers, instincts born of a lifetime's worth of bumping into things in the dark and getting hurt. But you still can do it, if you force yourself. Heaven alone knows why you would, but you can. Libertarian free will says that you can do this, but it also says instead that you can listen to your instincts and fears and nine times out of ten at least you're going to do the latter when there are consequences on the line that you can understand and respect.

Again, nothing incompatible with determinism here.
psychotick wrote:
Determinism on the other hand says that you will given exactly the same circumstances, the clock wound back etc, always do exactly the same thing over and over again, and that includes the silly little whimsical choices, like putting on ABBA versus the Eagles, or tossing a dice in exactly the same way so that the same result always comes up as the dice always lands in eactly the same place at the same time.

Agreed. And as far as we know, life might actually work like that.

Wise men don't need to prove their point;
men who need to prove their point aren't wise.(Lao Tsu)
psychotick
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quote post #165
Posted Nov 22, 2009 - 6:38 AM:

Hi Reincarnated,

Agreed there is nothing inconsistent with determinism in any of this. But I think I've also shown that there is nothing inconsistent with Libertarian Free Will either in repeatedly making the same choice. Free will allows me the option of repeating my decisions. Learning motivates me to do so when its good choice.

Cheers.
reincarnated
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quote post #166
Posted Nov 22, 2009 - 6:50 AM:

psychotick wrote:
Agreed there is nothing inconsistent with determinism in any of this. But I think I've also shown that there is nothing inconsistent with Libertarian Free Will either in repeatedly making the same choice. Free will allows me the option of repeating my decisions. Learning motivates me to do so when its good choice.

Of course, it stands to reason that everyone is always "free to do the same again in the same circumstances". The point being that if he does do the same again, then he is simply acting deterministically. If he does not do the same again, then he is simply acting randomly.
Wise men don't need to prove their point;
men who need to prove their point aren't wise.(Lao Tsu)
hanuma
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quote post #167
Posted Nov 23, 2009 - 10:14 AM:

"Determinism on the other hand says that you will given exactly the same circumstances, the clock wound back etc, always do exactly the same thing over and over again, and that includes the silly little whimsical choices, like putting on ABBA versus the Eagles, or tossing a dice in exactly the same way so that the same result always comes up as the dice always lands in eactly the same place at the same time."

Well we use this idea of rewinding time in such a nonchalant fashion, as if you are free to conceptualise such an action as abstract in theory, but I think if it is going to hold any weight (and I think it's leniant to allow "time-travel" into the argument anyway), then we should at least theorise how such an event would work in "the real". I think that the action of reversing time is not necessarily part of any different stream of events, it is still fundamentally part of the same string, so anything that might happen differently on a re-running would have to factor in that it was not exactly the same event as the first time around and so doesn't escape from determinism at all.

But determinism, for all its apparent logic, still relies on what it does not know or see yet, only what it conceptualises as the infinitely smaller and smaller events with an equal weighting of relative importance to one another, to the extent that things become rigidly unchangeable.
reincarnated
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quote post #168
Posted Nov 23, 2009 - 11:08 PM:

hanuma wrote:
Well we use this idea of rewinding time in such a nonchalant fashion, as if you are free to conceptualise such an action as abstract in theory, but I think if it is going to hold any weight (and I think it's leniant to allow "time-travel" into the argument anyway), then we should at least theorise how such an event would work in "the real".

It’s called a “thought experiment”. It only needs to be logically possible, not necessarily physically (nomologically) possible, to be valid.
hanuma wrote:
I think that the action of reversing time is not necessarily part of any different stream of events, it is still fundamentally part of the same string, so anything that might happen differently on a re-running would have to factor in that it was not exactly the same event as the first time around and so doesn't escape from determinism at all.

This comment seems to be assuming the truth of determinism. Indeed, if determinism is true then it follows that events must play themselves out exactly as the first time round. However, if determinism is not true then it follows that events need not necessarily play themselves out exactly as first time around.
hanuma wrote:
But determinism, for all its apparent logic, still relies on what it does not know or see yet, only what it conceptualises as the infinitely smaller and smaller events with an equal weighting of relative importance to one another, to the extent that things become rigidly unchangeable.

Determinism doesn’t “rely on” anything like this at all – I’m not sure I understand what you are trying to say here? Determinism simply is “given the past, there is nomologically one and only one possible future”.

Wise men don't need to prove their point;
men who need to prove their point aren't wise.(Lao Tsu)
hanuma
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quote post #169
Posted Nov 24, 2009 - 4:45 AM:

reincarnated wrote:

It’s called a “thought experiment”. It only needs to be logically possible, not necessarily physically (nomologically) possible, to be valid.
Well how is it logically possible to go back in time and re-run something as if new, any more than it is physically possible? It's a suspension of disbelief at best.

if determinism is not true then it follows that events need not necessarily play themselves out exactly as first time around.
If you disregard the fantasy of time-travel without affecting time , we can never know whether any difference was from 'causal power' or from a reconstitution of events leading up to what is being re-run.

Determinism simply is “given the past, there is nomologically one and only one possible future”.
Right, but the only way this is possible in a universe where the tiniest quantum reactions can have a massive knock-on effect means that determinism has to take for granted that everything that has been had to be, including all the complete unseen and unmeasurable constituent parts of the universe/reality.
jedaisoul
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quote post #170
Posted Nov 24, 2009 - 6:09 AM:

reincarnated wrote:

Using your own preferred concept of free will, consider one of the more important “free will” decisions that you have made at some point in your life, which you also consider to NOT be a capricious decision. In other words, it was an important decision which you made based on a rational and considered assessment of the various possibilities, but at the same time that you consider was a freely willed decision on your part.

I've a few points to make. I doubt that they have not been said before, but there are too many posts in this thread to go through all of them. So I'll just say my piece and apologize if the same has been said many times...

1. Your definition of libertarian free seems to require absolute freedom of choice. If so, that is incorrect. Libertarian free will merely requires:
a) That you have multiple genuinely realizable options to a decision.
b) The choice you make is not wholly determined by external circumstances.

2. Libertarian free will does not require that you always have a free choice. Merely that you sometimes have a free choice. E.g. The scenario set by psychotick, where you are about to run someone over, is not an example of where the exercise of free will is appropriate. The fact that you do not run them over, no matter how many times you are faced with this decision, is irrelevant to the question of whether you have libertarian free will.

3. Your exclusion of "capricious" choices as not being the result of free will biases the scenario, such that the exercise of libertarian free will is impossible. The correct distinction is between "capricious" (i.e. freely willed) choices and random choices. Random choices are not the result of the application of free will.

So I'm surprised that the thread has lasted as long as it has. It appears that, from the outset, it was based on questionable premises. It just goes to show that you can "prove" anything to be true, so long as you set the right pre-conditions.
 
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